Depth-integrated, continuous estimates of metabolism in a clear-water lake

نویسندگان

  • James J. Coloso
  • Jonathan J. Cole
  • Paul C. Hanson
  • Michael L. Pace
چکیده

High-frequency dissolved oxygen (DO) measurements have been used for estimating gross primary production (GPP) and respiration (R) in lake ecosystems. Most researchers have determined GPP and R only in surface waters, a practice that may underestimate R in general and GPP in clear-water lakes in particular. We deployed oxygen sondes at multiple sites and depths in a clear-water lake. Rates of GPP or R were similar horizontally over the surface waters of the lake. Diel DO signals weakened with depth; however, removing noise from the data, by either wavelet transforms or moving averages, enhanced our ability to resolve diel metabolic signals. While GPP declined sharply with depth, R was unrelated to depth. The majority of GPP and R occurred in the upper mixed layer, but deeper water accounted for 14%–28% of GPP and 20%–43% of R, depending on the statistical filtering technique used. GPP and R were nearly in balance in the surface waters, but for the entire lake R exceeded GPP, and net ecosystem production was negative. Deployment of oxygen sondes in various habitats and at multiple depths allows for a more complete estimate of whole-lake metabolism and a better understanding of the spatial and temporal complexity of lakes. Résumé : Des mesures d’oxygène dissous (DO) répétées à haute fréquence servent couramment à estimer la production primaire brute (GPP) et la respiration (R) dans les écosystèmes lacustres. La plupart des chercheurs mesurent GPP et R seulement dans les eaux superficielles, ce qui peut sous-estimer R de façon générale et GPP particulièrement dans les lacs à eau claire. Nous avons installé des sondes à oxygène dans plusieurs sites et à diverses profondeurs dans un lac à eau claire. Les taux de GPP et de R sont semblables à une même profondeur sur toute l’étendue du lac. Les signaux journaliers de DO s’affaiblissent en profondeur; cependant, le retrait du bruit des données, soit par des transformations en ondelettes ou des moyennes glissantes, nous permet d’interpréter les signaux métaboliques journaliers. Alors que GPP diminue fortement en profondeur, R est indépendante de la profondeur. La plus grande partie de GPP et de R se produit dans la couche de mélange supérieure, mais les eaux profondes sont responsables de 14–28 % de GPP et de 20–43 % de R selon la technique de filtrage statistique retenue. GPP et R sont presque en équilibre dans les eaux superficielles, mais dans l’ensemble du lac, R est plus importante que GPP et la production nette de l’écosystème est négative. L’installation de sondes d’oxygène dans divers habitats et à plusieurs profondeurs permet ainsi une estimation plus complète du métabolisme du lac entier et une meilleure compréhension de la complexité spatiale et temporelle des lacs. [Traduit par la Rédaction] Coloso et al. 722

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تاریخ انتشار 2008